Know about Bonus Issue.

While investing in shares the motive is not only capital gains but also a proportionate share of surplus generated by the company from the operations once all other stakeholders have been paid. But the distribution of this surplus to shareholders seldom happens. Instead, this is transferred to the reserves and surplus account. If the reserves and surplus amount becomes too large, the company may transfer some amount from the reserves account to the share capital account by a mere book entry. This is done by increasing the number of shares outstanding and every shareholder is given bonus shares in a ratio called the bonus ratio and such an issue is called bonus issue. For example,If the bonus ratio is 1:2, it means that for every two shares held, the shareholder is entitled to one extra share. So if a shareholder holds two shares, post bonus he will hold three.

WIPRO

Wipro Ltd has announced the following Audited results for the quarter & year ended March 31, 2007:
The results for the Quarter ended March 31, 2007The Company has posted a net profit of Rs 8189 million for the quarter ended March 31, 2007 as compared to Rs 6575 million for the quarter ended March 31, 2006. Total Revenues has increased from Rs 35469 million for the quarter ended March 31, 2006 to Rs 38744 million for the quarter ended March 31, 2007.The results for the Year ended March 31, 2007The Company has posted a net profit of Rs 28421 million for the year ended March 31, 2007 as compared to Rs 20205 million for the year ended March 31, 2006. Total Revenues has increased from Rs 103796 million for the year ended March 31, 2006 to Rs 139527 million for the year ended March 31, 2007.The Consolidated results are as follows:The consolidated results for the Quarter ended March 31, 2007The Group has posted a net profit of Rs 8561 million for the quarter ended March 31, 2007 as compared to Rs 6179 million for the quarter ended March 31, 2006. Total Revenues has increased from Rs 31132 million for the quarter ended March 31, 2006 to Rs 43331 million for the quarter ended March 31, 2007.

The consolidated results for the Year ended March 31, 2007The Group has posted a net profit of Rs 29421 million for the year ended March 31, 2007 as compared to Rs 20674 million for the year ended March 31, 2006. Total Revenues has increased from Rs 106258 million for the year ended March 31, 2006 to Rs 150008 million for the year ended March 31, 2007.

SATYAM COMPUTER RESULT'S

Satyam Computer Services Ltd has announced the following Audited results for the quarter & year ended March 31, 2007: The results for the Quarter ended March 31, 2007 The Company has posted a profit after taxation of Rs 3975.00 million for the quarter ended March 31, 2007 as compared to Rs 2899.00 million for the quarter ended March 31, 2006. Total Income has increased from Rs 12875.20 million for the quarter ended March 31, 2006 to Rs 17784.00 million for the quarter ended March 31, 2007. The results for the Year ended March 31, 2007 The Company has posted a profit after taxation of Rs 14232.30 million for the year ended March 31, 2007 as compared to Rs 12397.50 million for the year ended March 31, 2006. Total Income has increased from Rs 50122.20 million for the year ended March 31, 2006 to Rs 64100.80 million for the year ended March 31, 2007.

Know about a no-delivery period, ex-dividend date, ex-date.

Know about a no-delivery period.

No-delivery period means during a perticular period , any investor should not buy that perticular share/security for delivery purpose.Whenever a company announces a book closure or record date, the Exchange sets up a no-delivery (ND) period for that company's share/security. During this period only trading is permitted in the security. However, these trades are settled only after the no-delivery period is over. This is done to ensure that investor's entitlement for the corporate benefit is clearly determined.

Ex-dividend date.

The date on or after which a share/security begins trading without the dividend (cash or stock) included in the contract price.

Ex-date.

The first day of the no-delivery period is the ex-date. If there is any corporate benefits such as rights, bonus, dividend announced for which book closure/record date is fixed, the buyer of the shares on or after the ex-date will not be eligible for the benefits.

Learn about book-closure/record date.

Book closure and record date is to know more exactly the shareholders of a company as on a given date.Book closure mean's closing of register of the names or investors in the records of a company. Companies announce book closure dates from time to time. The benefits of dividends, bonus issues, rights issue accruing to investors whose name appears on the company's records as on a given date, is known as the record date.

Any investor might purchase a share-cum-dividend, cum rights or cum bonus and may therefore expect to receive these benefits as the new shareholder. In order to receive this, the share has to be transferred in the investor's name, or he would stand deprived of the benefits. The buyer of such a share will be a loser. It is important for a buyer of a share to ensure that shares purchased at cum benefits prices are transferred before book-closure. It must be ensured that the price paid for the shares is ex-benefit and not cum benefit.

What is a contract note?

It is a note that describes the rate, date, time at which the trade was transacted (i.e. selling or buying in share's) and the brokerage rate. A contract note issued in the prescribed format establishes a legally enforceable relationship between the client and the member in respect of trades stated in the contract note. These are made in duplicate and the member and the client both keep a copy each. A client should receive the contract note within 24 hours of the executed trade.

Know about stock Exchange

Know about Stock Exchange

A place/platform where buyers and sellers come together to transact in stocks and shares. It may be a physical entity where brokers trade on a physical trading floor via an "open outcry" system or a virtual environment.
Now day's it work's through electronic trading system.
In Electronic trading Brokers can trade from their offices, using fully automated screen-based processes. All their workplaces are connected to a Stock Exchange's central computer via satellite using Very Small Aperture Terminus (VSATs)/Bolt system. The buying/selling orders placed by you through your brokers reach the Exchange's central computer and are matched electronically.

Stock Exchanges in India.

1) BSE i.e. Mumbai /Bombay stock Exchange .
2) NSE i.e. National Stock Exchange (NSE).
are the country's two leading Exchanges. There are 20 other regional Exchanges, connected via the Inter-Connected Stock Exchange (ICSE). The BSE and NSE allow nationwide trading via their VSAT systems.